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The Mississippi State Capitol, located in Jackson, Mississippi, serves as the seat of the state government. It has a rich history dating back to the early 20th century.

The current Mississippi State Capitol building is the third structure to serve as the state's capitol. The first Capitol building, completed in 1839, was destroyed by fire during the Civil War in 1863. The second Capitol, constructed in 1903, was also destroyed by a fire in 1911. This led to the construction of the present Capitol building, which was designed by architect Theodore C. Link.

The construction of the current Mississippi State Capitol began in 1901 and was completed in 1903. It was built using Beaux-Arts architecture, a neoclassical style popular during that era, which features a symmetrical design and grandiose features. The exterior is made of limestone, and the building is crowned by a magnificent dome with a height of 180 feet.

The Capitol building underwent significant renovations and expansions over the years to accommodate the growing needs of the state government. In the 1950s, wings were added to both sides of the building to provide additional office space. The House and Senate chambers were also updated during this period to modernize their facilities.

In terms of its significance in American history, the Mississippi State Capitol has been the site of numerous important events and legislative actions. It was from this building that Governor Theodore Bilbo promoted his segregationist views and policies, which played a role in shaping the state's controversial racial history. Additionally, the Capitol has been the site of important legislative decisions on civil rights, education, and various other social issues.

Over the years, the Mississippi State Capitol has been designated as a National Historic Landmark and is open to the public for tours. It stands as a symbol of the state's rich history and political heritage.

Historical Facts

• Multiple Capitol Buildings: As mentioned earlier, the current Mississippi State Capitol is the third building to serve as the state's seat of government. The first Capitol, completed in 1839, was a two-story Greek Revival structure. The second Capitol, completed in 1903, was a Beaux-Arts style building that was tragically destroyed by fire in 1911. The present Capitol, also designed in the Beaux-Arts style, was completed in 1903 and has stood since then.
• Theodore C. Link, the Architect: The current Capitol building was designed by architect Theodore C. Link. He was a prominent architect known for his work on several state capitols, including the one in Louisiana. Link's design for the Mississippi Capitol emphasized symmetry and classical elements, creating an imposing and grand structure.
• The Copper Dome: The Mississippi State Capitol features an impressive copper dome, which stands at 180 feet tall. The dome is adorned with an eagle statue on top, symbolizing the state's soaring aspirations and patriotic pride. The copper dome has weathered over time and developed a characteristic green patina.
• Role in Civil Rights History: The Mississippi State Capitol has been a focal point for civil rights activities. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, the Capitol was the site of protests, demonstrations, and speeches advocating for racial equality and an end to segregation.
• Historic Speeches: Numerous significant speeches have been delivered at the Mississippi State Capitol. For example, in 1963, civil rights leader Medgar Evers delivered a historic speech on the steps of the Capitol, advocating for voting rights and an end to racial discrimination. The speech took place just weeks before his assassination.
• National Historic Landmark: In 1969, the Mississippi State Capitol was designated as a National Historic Landmark by the U.S. Department of the Interior. This designation recognizes the building's exceptional historical significance and ensures its preservation for future generations.
• Time Capsule: A time capsule was placed inside the building during its construction in 1903. It contains various historical artifacts and documents from that era, offering a glimpse into the past. However, the exact location of the time capsule is not publicly known, adding a sense of mystery to the building's history.
• Public Access: The Mississippi State Capitol is open to the public for guided tours, allowing visitors to explore the historic building, learn about the state's history and government, and view significant artworks and architectural details.

These historical facts showcase the Mississippi State Capitol's architectural significance, its role in American history, and its enduring presence as a symbol of the state's governance and heritage.

Architecture/Building

The Mississippi State Capitol is an outstanding example of Beaux-Arts architecture, a neoclassical style that was popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The building's design emphasizes grandeur, symmetry, and classical elements, making it an imposing and elegant structure. Here are some key architectural features and details of the Mississippi State Capitol:

• Exterior Design: The Capitol is constructed primarily of limestone, giving it a stately appearance. The facade features a symmetrical design with a central portico supported by large Ionic columns. Above the portico is a triangular pediment with sculptures depicting scenes from Mississippi's history.
• Copper Dome: The most striking feature of the Capitol is its copper dome, rising to a height of 180 feet. The dome is topped with an eagle statue, symbolizing freedom and patriotism. The copper dome has weathered over time, developing a characteristic green patina that adds to its visual appeal.
• Rotunda: The interior of the Capitol is equally impressive, with a large circular space known as the Rotunda at the center of the building. The Rotunda rises up through the building's various floors, culminating in a magnificent dome adorned with stained glass and intricate decorative elements.
• Grand Staircase: The main entrance of the Capitol leads to a grand staircase, which is adorned with sculptures and decorative railings. The staircase serves as an impressive focal point and leads visitors to the legislative chambers on the second floor.
• House and Senate Chambers: The Capitol houses both the Mississippi House of Representatives and the Mississippi Senate chambers. These spaces are beautifully decorated with ornate woodwork, historical murals, and intricate plasterwork on the ceilings.
• Governor's Office: The Governor's Office is another notable room within the Capitol. It features elegant furnishings and historical artifacts, giving visitors a glimpse into the state's political history.
• Statues and Artwork: Throughout the Capitol, visitors can find numerous statues, portraits, and other artwork celebrating Mississippi's historical figures and significant events.
• Grounds and Landscaping: The Capitol is surrounded by well-maintained grounds, featuring lush greenery, statues, and monuments, including a monument honoring the Confederate dead.

Overall, the Mississippi State Capitol is a remarkable architectural masterpiece that reflects the grandeur of Beaux-Arts style while preserving the state's history and political heritage. Its impressive design and historical significance make it an essential landmark in the state of Mississippi.

Geography

The Mississippi State Capitol is located in Jackson, the capital city of the state of Mississippi, United States. Jackson is situated in the central part of the state, in Hinds County. The city is named after Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States.

• Geographically, Jackson is positioned in the west-central region of Mississippi, approximately 175 miles (282 kilometers) north of the Gulf of Mexico coast. It is surrounded by diverse landscapes, including rolling hills, forests, and fertile agricultural lands. The city's central location within the state makes it a significant transportation and economic hub.
• The Capitol building itself is situated in the downtown area of Jackson. It is specifically located at 400 High Street, just south of Mississippi Street and east of North President Street. The Capitol's prominent position and its distinctive copper dome make it easily recognizable on the city skyline.
• Being the state capital, Jackson serves as the political, cultural, and economic center of Mississippi. In addition to the State Capitol, the city is home to various government offices, museums, historic sites, and educational institutions. It offers a blend of modern amenities and historical landmarks, attracting both visitors and residents alike.

The city's geography and central location have played a vital role in its development and importance as the state's capital, enabling easy access from various regions of Mississippi and contributing to its prominence as a center of commerce, culture, and governance.