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Luxembourg, officially known as the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a small landlocked country in Western Europe. It has a rich and complex history that spans over a thousand years. Here's an overview of the key historical events in Luxembourg's history:

Early History: The area now known as Luxembourg has evidence of human habitation dating back to Roman times. It was originally a Roman fortification called "Lucilinburhuc," from which the name Luxembourg is derived.

Frankish Empire: In the early medieval period, the region was part of the Carolingian Empire, which included the Franks and their successors. The territory was divided among various noble families.

House of Luxembourg: In 963, Count Siegfried acquired the fortified town of Lucilinburhuc and established the House of Luxembourg, which would play a significant role in the history of Europe over the next few centuries.

Becoming a Duchy: Luxembourg became a duchy in 1354 under Emperor Charles IV. It was part of the Holy Roman Empire and was initially governed by various branches of the House of Luxembourg.